2016政府工作报告中英文对照个人注释版【Part2】
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I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:
一年来，我们主要做了以下工作：
First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.
一是着力稳增长调结构防风险，创新宏观调控方式。
注：guard against 防止;提防
In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.
为应对持续加大的经济下行压力，我们在区间调控基础上，实施定向调控和相机调控。
注：
相机调控首次出现在《政府工作报告》中。“相机调控”强调政府要根据市场情况和各项调节措施的特点，灵活机动地决定和选择当前究竟应采取哪一种或哪几种政策措施。所以说相机调控很重要的就是要“预调、微调”。
We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions,
积极的财政政策注重加力增效，扩大结构性减税范围，
注：efficacy 功效,效力
reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.
实行普遍性降费，盘活财政存量资金。
注：
across the board 全面地,包括一切地,包括一切人在内地,普遍地
dormant adj. 休眠的;静止的;睡眠状态的;隐匿的
Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan,
发行地方政府债券置换存量债务3.2万亿元，
注：
bond (政府、公司发行的)公债,债券
outstanding debt 未偿还的债务
lessoning the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure.
降低利息负担约2000亿元，减轻了地方政府偿债压力。
注：怀疑原文lessoning有误，应是lessening
We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios,
稳健的货币政策注重松紧适度，多次降息降准，
注：
降准-降低存款准备金率 required reserve ratios
reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.
改革存贷比管理，创新货币政策工具，加大对实体经济支持力度。
Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established,
扩大有效投资，设立专项基金，
and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.
加强水利、城镇棚户区和农村危房改造、中西部铁路和公路等薄弱环节建设。
注：
棚户区是指城市建成区范围内、平房密度大、使用年限久、房屋质量差、人均建筑面积小、基础设施配套不齐全、交通不便利、治安和消防隐患大、环境卫生脏、乱、差的区域。
dilapidated 荒废的,要塌似的;破坏的
Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.
实施重点领域消费促进工程，城乡居民旅游、网购、信息消费等快速增长。
注：spur 靴策,刺激,激励,鼓舞
In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector,
去年还积极应对金融领域的多种风险挑战，
注：
行业/部门/领域用sector，【Part 1】中出现了service sector服务业。
ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China’s economic and financial security.
守住了不发生系统性区域性风险的底线，维护了国家经济金融安全。
Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.
二是围绕激发市场活力，加大改革开放力度。
注：invigorate 鼓舞;激励;使精力充沛
Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.
我们不搞"大水漫灌"式的强刺激，而是持续推动结构性改革。
We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.
深入推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革。
We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.
取消和下放311项行政审批事项，取消123项职业资格许可和认定事项，彻底终结了非行政许可审批。
注：
delegate the power 下放权利
delegate 把…委托给别人,把(权、权力等)委托给(代理人或代表)，委任;授(权)(to):
review 检验;审核;复审
The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code.
工商登记前置审批精简85%，全面实施三证合一、一照一码。
注：
前置审批是你在办理营业执照前需要先去审批的项目，也就你在查完公司名称后就要去有关部门审批，审批完后再办理工商营业执照。
所谓“三证合一”，就是将企业依次申请的工商营业执照、组织机构代码证和税务登记证三证合为一证，提高市场准入效率；
“一照一码”则是在此基础上更进一步，通过“一口受理、并联审批、信息共享、结果互认”，实现由一个部门核发加载统一社会信用代码的营业执照。
Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.
加强事中事后监管，优化公共服务流程。
Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.
群众和企业办事更加方便，全社会创业创新热情日益高涨。
Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened.
财税金融等重点改革深入推进。
The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments.
中央对地方专项转移支付项目减少三分之一，一般性转移支付规模增加。
注：scale up按比例放大;按比例增加
Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT.
营改增稳步实施，
注：
营改增:营业税改增值税
VAT:Value-added Tax
Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.
资源税从价计征范围扩大。
注：
从价计征，即以课税对象的自然数量与单位价格的乘积为计税依据，按这种方法计征的税种称从价税。按这种方法计征的税种称从价税。
而从量税是指以征税对象的重量、件数、容量、面积等为计税依据，按照固定税额标准计征的税收，又称从量计征。
The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established.
取消存款利率浮动上限，推出存款保险制度，建立人民币跨境支付系统。
注：floating band 浮动带;浮动区间
Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.
价格改革力度加大，中央政府定价项目减少80%，地方政府定价项目减少一半以上。
We carried out state-owned enterprise (SOE) reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others.
国有企业、农村、投融资、生态文明等领域改革有序推进，
Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.
全面深化改革的成效正在显现。
【未完待续…持续更新中】
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